What is it?

With a basic understanding of fertility and reproduction, it's possible for a woman to identify when she's at her most fertile (and infertile) phase of her menstrual cycle. With this knowledge, couples can work out when to have sex with the mininium risk of pregancy (and when to avoid sex or use an alternative contraception).

There are a number of methods a woman can use to monitor her menstrual cycle and predict the timing of her ovulation. Changes in body temperature and cervical mucus can help to work out whether or not she's fertile, as can a calendar and a history of her menstrual cycle for the previous three to six months. Some women also help to pinpoint their fertile time using Persona - a  monitor that allows them to test for hormone changes in their urine. A combination of methods is often the most surefire fertility indicator, and can be between 80-98% effective.

Benefits:

• Doesn't get in the way of sex;
• No contraceptive hormones involved, and no side effects;
• Can be used to plan pregnancy, as well as avoid it if you choose.

Drawbacks:

• No protection against sex infections;
• Illness, stress and travel can affect fertility indicators;
• Demands planning, precision and commitment, (which means it's most suited to couples in long term relationships).

Unsuitable for:

• Couples who know they're disorganised;
• Women with very irregular periods.
   

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